Umehluko obaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwepulasitiki nenjoloba ukuthi ukuwohloka kwepulasitiki kuwukuwohloka kwepulasitiki, kanti irabha iwukuwohloka kwe-elastic.Ngamanye amazwi, ipulasitiki akulula ukuyibuyisela esimweni sayo sokuqala ngemva kokuguqulwa, kuyilapho irabha ilula.Ukunwebeka kwepulasitiki kuncane kakhulu, ngokuvamile kungaphansi kuka-100%, kuyilapho irabha ingafinyelela ku-1000% noma ngaphezulu.Iningi lenqubo yokubumba ipulasitiki iyaqedwa futhi inqubo yomkhiqizo iqediwe, kuyilapho inqubo yokubumba irabha idinga inqubo ye-vulcanization.
Ipulasitiki nenjoloba kokubili kuyizinto ze-polymer, ezakhiwe ikakhulukazi ama-athomu e-carbon ne-hydrogen, kanti amanye aqukethe inani elincane lomoya-mpilo, i-nitrogen, i-chlorine, i-silicon, i-fluorine, isulfure namanye ama-athomu.Zinezakhiwo ezikhethekile kanye nokusetshenziswa okukhethekile.Ipulasitiki emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni Iqinile, ilukhuni kakhulu, futhi ayikwazi ukwelulelwa futhi ikhubazekile.Irabha ayiphezulu ngokuqina, nokunwebeka, futhi inganwetshwa ukuze ibe yinde.Ingabuyiselwa esimweni sayo sokuqala lapho iyeka ukwelula.Lokhu kubangelwa ukwakheka kwawo kwamangqamuzana ahlukahlukene.Omunye umehluko ukuthi iPlastiki ingakwazi ukugaywa kabusha futhi isetshenziswe kabusha izikhathi eziningi, kuyilapho irabha ingakwazi ukugaywa kabusha ngokuqondile.Ingacutshungulwa kuphela ibe yirabha ebuyiselwe ngaphambi kokuthi isetshenziswe.Ukuma kwepulasitiki ngamadigri angaphezu kuka-100 kuya kuma-degree angu-200 kanye nokuma kwerabha ku-60 kuya ku-100 degrees.Ngokufanayo, ipulasitiki ayifaki irabha.
Indlela yokuhlukanisa ipulasitiki kusuka epulasitiki?
Kusukela ekubukeni kokuthinta, irabha inokuthinta okuthambile, okunethezekile nokuthambile, futhi inezinga elithile lokunwebeka, kuyilapho ipulasitiki i-inelastic ngokuphelele futhi inezinga elithile lokuqina ngoba ilukhuni futhi i-brittle.
Kusukela kwijika le-strain-strain-strain, ipulasitiki ibonisa imodulus ephezulu ye-Young esigabeni sokuqala sokushuba.Ijika le-strain linokwenyuka okukhulu, bese likhiqiza, ukunwebeka nokuphuka kwenzeka;iraba ngokuvamile inesigaba esincane sokuguqulwa.Ingcindezi esobala iyakhuphuka, bese ingena esiteji sokukhuphuka kancane, kuze kube ijika le-strain-strain libonisa indawo ekhuphukayo lapho sesizophuka.
Ngokombono we-thermodynamic, ipulasitiki ingaphansi kwezinga lokushisa lokushintsha kwengilazi lento ebangeni lokushisa elisetshenziswayo, kuyilapho irabha isebenza esimweni esinwebeka kakhulu ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa lokushintsha kwengilazi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-31-2021