Umlando wezinto ezihlanganisiwe zepulasitiki
Lapho kuhlanganiswa izinto ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ezihlukene, umphumela uba impahla eyinhlanganisela.Ukusetshenziswa kokuqala kwezinto eziyinhlanganisela kuhlehlela emuva ku-1500 BC, lapho izifiki zaseGibhithe naseMesophothamiya zixuba udaka notshani ukuze kwakhiwe izakhiwo eziqinile neziqinile.Utshani buyaqhubeka nokunikeza ukuqiniswa kwemikhiqizo yakudala eyinhlanganisela kuhlanganise izitsha zobumba nemikhumbi.
Kamuva, ngo-1200 AD, amaMongol asungula umnsalo wokuqala ohlangene.
Ukusebenzisa inhlanganisela yokhuni, amathambo kanye "neglue yezilwane", umnsalo ugoqwe ngamagxolo e-birch.Le minsalo inamandla futhi inembile.Umnsalo waseMongolia usize ekuqinisekiseni ukubusa kwezempi kukaGenghis Khan.
Ukuzalwa "kweNkathi Yepulasitiki"
Lapho ososayensi benza amapulasitiki, kwaqala inkathi yesimanje yezinto eziyinhlanganisela.Ngaphambi kwalokhu, izinhlaka zemvelo ezitholakala ezitshalweni nasezilwaneni zaziwukuphela komthombo weglue nezinamatheliso.Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, amapulasitiki afana ne-vinyl, i-polystyrene, i-phenolic ne-polyester yathuthukiswa.Lezi zinto ezintsha zokwenziwa ziphakeme kunezinhlaka zodwa ezitholakala emvelweni.
Kodwa-ke, ipulasitiki iyodwa ayikwazi ukunikeza amandla anele kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zesakhiwo.Ukuqinisa kuyadingeka ukuze kunikeze amandla engeziwe nokuqina.
Ngo-1935, u-Owens Corning (Owens Corning) wethula i-fiber yengilazi yokuqala, i-glass fiber.Inhlanganisela ye-glass fibre kanye ne-polymer yepulasitiki ikhiqiza isakhiwo esinamandla kakhulu futhi esingasindi.
Lesi yisiqalo semboni ye-fiber reinforced polymer (FRP).
IMpi Yezwe II-Ikhuthaza ukusungulwa kwezinto eziyinhlanganisela
Intuthuko enkulu kakhulu ezintweni eziyinhlanganisela ingumphumela wezidingo zesikhathi sempi.Njengoba nje amaMongolia athuthukisa iminsalo eyinhlanganisela, iMpi Yezwe II yaletha imboni ye-FRP isuka elabhorethri iye ekukhiqizeni kwangempela.
Ukusetshenziswa okulula kwendiza yezempi kudinga ezinye izinto.Onjiniyela basheshe baqaphela ezinye izinzuzo zezinto eziyinhlanganisela, ngaphezu kokungasindi nokuqinile.Isibonelo, kwatholakala ukuthi impahla yengilazi ye-fiber composite yayisobala kumafrikhwensi omsakazo, futhi impahla yabe isilungele ukukhoselisa imishini ye-radar kagesi (Radomes).
Ukuzivumelanisa nezisetshenziswa eziyinhlanganisela: "iminyaka yesikhala" kuya "yansuku zonke"
Ekupheleni kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili, imboni encane yezinhlanganisela ze-niche yayigcwele amandla.Ngokuncipha kwesidingo semikhiqizo yezempi, inani elincane labasunguli bezinto eziyinhlanganisela manje basebenzela ukwethula izinto eziyinhlanganisela kwezinye izimakethe.Umkhumbi ungumkhiqizo osobala ozuzisayo.Isakhiwo sokuqala esiyinhlanganisela sezentengiselwano sasungulwa ngo-1946.
Ngalesi sikhathi, u-Brandt Goldsworthy uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "umkhulu wezinhlanganisela" futhi wathuthukisa izinqubo eziningi ezintsha zokukhiqiza nemikhiqizo, kuhlanganise nebhodi lokuqala le-fiberglass, eliguqule ezemidlalo.
I-Goldsworthy iphinde yasungula inqubo yokukhiqiza ebizwa ngokuthi i-pultrusion, evumela imikhiqizo enokwethenjelwa neqinile ye-glass fiber reinforced.Namuhla, imikhiqizo ekhiqizwa kusukela kule nqubo ihlanganisa amathrekhi esitebhisi, izibambo zamathuluzi, amapayipi, imicibisholo, izikhali, izitezi zesitimela, kanye nemishini yezokwelapha.
Inqubekelaphambili eqhubekayo ezintweni eziyinhlanganisela
Imboni yezinto ezihlanganisiwe yaqala ukuvuthwa ngawo-1970.Yakha ama-resin epulasitiki angcono kanye nemicu eqinisayo ethuthukisiwe.Kuthuthukiswe uhlobo lwefayibha ye-aramid ebizwa nge-Kevlar, eseyiyikhethelo lokuqala lezivikelo zomzimba ngenxa yamandla ayo aqinile, ukuminyana okuphezulu kanye nesisindo esilula.I-carbon fiber nayo yathuthukiswa ngalesi sikhathi;liya ngokuya lishintsha izingxenye ezazenziwe ngensimbi ngaphambili.
Imboni yezinhlanganisela isathuthuka, futhi ukukhula okuningi kuncike kakhulu emandleni avuselelekayo.Ama-wind turbine blades, ikakhulukazi, ayaqhubeka nokuphusha imingcele yosayizi futhi adinga izinto ezithuthukisiwe eziyinhlanganisela.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-21-2021